Aadhaar custodian UIDAI has completed mandatory biometric updates (MBU) for over one crore school children across 83,000 schools nationwide, according to an official statement.A child below five years can enrol for Aadhaar using photograph, name, date of birth, gender, address and birth certificate. However, fingerprints and iris biometrics are not captured at this stage as these indicators are not fully developed, PTI reported. Providing fingerprint and iris data through the MBU process after crossing the ages of five and 15 years is therefore mandatory.Lack of MBU in Aadhaar may lead to difficulties in authentication for availing benefits under various government schemes, as well as while registering for competitive and university examinations such as NEET, JEE and CUET.“The UIDAI has crossed the milestone of completing over one crore Mandatory Biometric Updates (MBUs) for school-children studying in 83000 schools across the country,” the statement said.UIDAI has made MBU free for children aged between seven and 15 years from October 1 for a period of one year.“UIDAI had initiated this special MBU drive for school-children in September 2025 after a successful technological integration with the Unified District Information System for Education Plus application, that enabled visibility of MBUs status of children at schools. This breakthrough helped the UIDAI and schools to jointly identify children who were due for an MBU, and hold camps at schools to complete the MBU,” the statement said.UIDAI CEO Bhuvnesh Kumar has written to Chief Secretaries of all states and Union Territories, seeking support for conducting focused MBU camps in schools.“The mission mode campaign continues to be operational till such time all schools in the country are covered. This initiative has already benefited 1 crore children in 83,000 schools and many more are set to gain from it,” the statement said.Apart from school camps, children can also complete MBU at Aadhaar enrolment centres and Aadhaar Seva Kendras across the country.“About 1.3 crore MBU transactions have also been completed in the same period, by children visiting these centres,” the statement said.

During much of 2024 and 2025, India was one of the largest purchasers of discounted Russian oil. (AI image)

Will India stop buying Russian crude oil? US President Donald Trump has signed an executive order revoking the 25% penal tariffs on India for its imports of crude from Russia. However, the executive order clearly says that this 25% penal tariff may be restored if India doesn’t stop buying oil from Russia. With the removal of 25% penalty tariff and the reduction in reciprocal tariff, Indian exports to the US will now face a duty of 18%.A key element of the understanding, according to Trump, is India’s commitment to stop both direct and indirect imports of Russian crude oil, a move Washington considers essential to increasing economic pressure on Moscow over the conflict in Ukraine. While the executive order says that India has committed to ending direct or indirect imports of Russian oil, New Delhi has reiterated that safeguarding the energy needs and security of its 1.4 billion citizens remains its foremost priority.

During much of 2024 and 2025, India was one of the largest purchasers of discounted Russian oil, with imports of over two million barrels per day at their peak.

Will India stop buying Russian crude?

Government sources, referring to a recent Ministry of External Affairs statement, told TOI that India’s strategy centres on diversifying energy supplies in line with market conditions and evolving global developments, and that all decisions are guided by this objective.According to a PTI report, while Indian refiners have not yet received any formal instructions to halt Russian crude imports, they have been informally advised to begin scaling back purchases. Refiners are expected to honour existing contracts, typically placed six to eight weeks in advance, but refrain from placing fresh orders after that.Also Read | 18% tariffs, boost to exports, agriculture protected: How India benefits from trade deal with US? Explained Experts believe that while Russian crude may drop in the coming months, the chances of it completely disappearing from India’s crude basket appear slim.Sumit Ritolia, Lead Research Analyst, Refining and Modeling at Kpler sees no immediate reduction since contracts are already in place.“Russian volumes remain largely locked in for the next 8-10 weeks and continue to be economically critical for India’s complex refining system, supported by deep discounts on Urals relative to Brent. Imports are expected to stay broadly stable in the 1.1-1.3 million barrels a day range through Q1 and early Q2,” he said.“Despite a recent moderation in purchases, India is unlikely to fully disengage in the near term.”Sourav Mitra, Partner, Oil and Gas, Grant Thornton Bharat told TOI, “India has always maintained that it will continue to prioritize the energy security of its 1.4 billion citizens. India reaffirmed this position recently in response to the claims by the United States that India will stop purchasing Russian crude oil while announcing the broader contours of the trade deal with India. India has strategically diversified its crude oil import basket and will continue to stay the course.”“The oil flow from Russia to India is unlikely to vanish completely anytime soon as these strategic decisions are based on existing contractual obligations, prices offered, supply chain reorientation, and refining capabilities/ margins of refiners. Though Russia’s share in India’s imports has fallen off the peak of ~40%, it still tops the list, and any scale back is expected to be more gradual,” he added.

What are the alternatives to Russian crude for India?

Before India ramped up its crude oil import from Russia, the West Asian suppliers dominated the supply with Russia contributing in lower single digits. India has diversified its sources of supply to about 40 countries with more supply coming onto the market from Guyana, Brazil and Canada.Kpler’s Ritolia emphasises that crude sourcing diversification is expected to continue, with incremental volumes likely to come from the Middle East and the US as India broadens its supplier base while maintaining flexibility across origins.

According to Sourav Mitra of Grant Thornton Bharat, in a remote eventuality of Russian oil imports ceasing completely, the import basket may reorient towards Middle East-based suppliers; led by Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and UAE. The US is already one of the top 5 exporters of crude oil to India. India can look to augment the oil purchase from the US depending on the prices offered, he says.African suppliers can be potential alternatives to backfill the gap. Their crude is sweeter and more suitable to Indian refiners. India has already seen an increase from oil imports from African countries such as Nigeria, Angola, Egypt, Libya in FY26 as Russian oil imports reduce.“India can opportunistically look at the Venezuelan oil, but the volumes can be constrained by pricing considerations and limited capacity of Indian refiners to process the Venezuelan oil. Venezuela’s crude oil is heavy and sour grade which requires hydro processing, consequently squeezing the refining margins,” Mitra adds.

Rising Crude Imports From The US

Russia’s share in India’s crude imports fell to 33.7% during the April–November 2025 period, compared with 37.9% in the corresponding months of 2024. Over the same timeframe, the United States’ share increased to 8.1% from 4.6%. Kpler estimates indicate that Russian crude imports declined from 1.8 million barrels per day in November to 1.2 million barrels per day in December, and further to 1.16 million barrels per day in January 2026.

The US has said that India plans to acquire American energy products, technology goods and agricultural commodities worth $500 billion over the next five years. These are expected to include crude oil, liquefied natural gas, aircraft and related components, advanced technologies such as graphics processing units, and farm products.According to the Grant Thornton expert, this signals that India will likely ramp up crude oil purchase from the US which may be a mix of crude oil, LNG, coking coal among others. “India’s purchase from the US is already on an upward trend, with the US now constituting around 8% of India’s total oil purchase. However, the scale of oil purchase from the US would largely depend on the commercial considerations,” he says.Also Read | India-US trade deal: Which Indian goods will face zero tariffs in America? Piyush Goyal lists out

India’s Crude Import Bill To Be Hit?

India’s crude oil import is 4.5-5 million bpd. Russian oil imports hit a peak of ~2 million bpd in June 2025, which has come down to about 1.1 million bpd in January 2026. Sourav Mitra of Grant Thornton Bharat notes that if the Russian oil purchase were to cease entirely, the adverse impact on India’s crude oil import bill could be anywhere between 1-2%. “This impact can be set off by ramping up oil purchase from Venezuela though. However, this reorientation has its own challenges. India’s decision to buy oil from Venezuela will primarily depend on the discounts offered. The Venezuelan oil should come at a discount of $10-14/barrel vis-à-vis Brent to outweigh the additional costs stemming from freight, insurance, and higher processing by the Indian refiners,” he tells TOI.

As SBI Research notes in a new report this month: India turned to purchasing Russian oil sold at a discount (capped: $60 per barrel), to ensure its energy security, after Western countries-imposed sanctions on Moscow and shunned its supplies over its invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Consequently, Russia’s share has increased to 35.1% in FY25 and it is now the biggest oil importer for India.“The substitution of Russian crude by Merey 16 has clear positives for the domestic economy as private and PSU oil refineries can exploit the heavy crude discount. Heavy crude discounts in range $10-12 can make good the Russian discount, ensuring commercial viability. This implies the trade deal will not affect the domestic inflation after sacrificing the Russian discount. India’s fuel import bill could even decline by $3 billion in the event of shifting to Venezuela. The discount of $10-12 could make the choice agnostic,” says SBI.However, Mitra warns that what may complicate the math is the fact that if India stops buying the Russian crude oil, it will tighten the global crude market due to its sheer volumes. “Where the crude oil prices stabilize will primarily depend on where the additional Urals go and how easy it is for the Venezuelan oil to find buyers,” he says.

Garment exporters in Tamil Nadu’s textile hub Tiruppur expect shipments to the United States to double to about Rs 30,000 crore over the next three years following the India-US trade framework, industry representatives told PTI.They also indicated that the sector could generate about 5 lakh additional jobs over the next three to five years as export orders and production expand.India and the United States on Saturday announced that they have finalised the framework for the first phase of the bilateral trade agreement under which both sides will reduce import duties on a number of goods to boost two-way trade.

Tiruppur Exporters’ Association president K M Subramanian said, “We welcome it. This deal assumes significance as it will give a huge growth for Tiruppur over the next 5 years.”He said garment exports from Tamil Nadu are currently valued at about Rs 15,000 crore and are expected to double to Rs 30,000 crore over the next three years following the agreement.Subramanian, also founder-chairman of Tiruppur-based clothing manufacturer K M Knitwear Pvt Ltd, said the impact of the deal is expected to be visible over the next three months.“After that we will be able to see a good growth for (India made) garments that will be exported from Tamil Nadu. Tiruppur’s growth will be on a higher trajectory,” he said.On employment, he said, “Currently, about 10 lakh people are employed in this industry. It will witness addition of another 5 lakh jobs over the next 3 to 5 years.”Another Tiruppur-based entrepreneur and founder of Starrlight Exporters, M Rathinasamy, said, “Earlier, some of the orders were going to Bangladesh and other countries. After this deal, we will be getting more orders (from the United States).”“We expect that we will be getting a large number of orders on account of this deal,” he added.The Tiruppur Exporters’ Association represents exporters of cotton knitwear operating in Tiruppur and neighbouring regions and currently represents about 1,135 knitwear exporters.

Vikrant Massey was rumored to play the role of Meghanad in Nitesh Tiwari‘s magnum opus, ‘Ramayana‘, starring Ranbir Kapoor in the lead. Soon, news of Raghav Juyal playing the part surfaced on the internet, replacing Massey in the movie. And now, the ’12th Fail’ star has responded to all such reports through his social media post. The actor shared that he was not a part of the movie from the beginning; however, he deleted the post later. Let’s learn more about it.

Vikrant Massey clears the air around him being replaced by Raghav Juyal in ‘Ramayana’

As per the Variety India report, Raghav Juyal will be seen playing the role of Meghanad/Indrajit, the eldest son of Lankanaresh Ravana, in ‘Ramayana’. Soon, another entertainment portal reported that the actor has replaced Vikrant Massey in Nitesh Tiwari’s film. Soon, the actor took to his Instagram Story to clarify the rumors. On February 7, he posted, “OK. To put things to rest, I was never a part of this movie. Am not, never was. Such irresponsible media coverage from ‘respectable’ media houses is kinda appalling. Nonetheless, wishing everyone on Ramayana all the very best. Will surely buy a ticket and watch it in cinemas.”

However, the actor deleted the post later.

More about the ‘Ramayana’ cast

Ranbir Kapoor is set to play the role of Lord Ram, while Sai Pallavi will be seen as Goddess Sita. Yash will portray the role of Lankanaresh Ravana. Sunny Deol and Ravie Dubey will essay the characters of Lord Hanuman and Lakshman, respectively.The cast also includes Kajal Aggarwal and Rakul Preet Singh as Mandodari and Surpanakha. Kunal Kapoor, Adinath Kothare, Arun Govil, Sheeba Chaddha, and Indira Krishnan will also be seen in pivotal roles. Recent reports suggested that makers are considering Vijay Sethupathi to portray Vibhishana, the younger brother of Ravana, in the film.

More about ‘Ramayana’

Backed by Namit Malhotra and Yash, the film is being helmed by Nitesh Tiwari. The makers are reportedly set to unveil the first glimpse of the film on the occasion of Ram Navami on March 27, 2026, hosting a grand event at Mumbai’s Gateway of India.The first part of the film will arrive in cinemas in Diwali this year.

A high-stakes meeting in Lahore on Sunday could shape the immediate future of the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026, with officials from the International Cricket Council (ICC) and the Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) set to discuss Pakistan’s refusal to play their scheduled February 15 match against India. Adding another layer to the talks, Bangladesh have also been invited, with BCB president Aminul Islam expected to represent his board in what is being seen as a crucial tripartite conclave.

The talks, as reported by cricbuzz, come amid growing pressure on the PCB, which has found itself isolated after invoking the rarely used Force Majeure clause to justify its stance. ICC officials, who are reportedly en route to Lahore, have already rejected the legitimacy of that claim, pushing Pakistan into dialogue to avoid potential sanctions and significant financial fallout.

How Bangladesh became central to the controversy

Bangladesh’s presence at the table is not incidental. The controversy can be traced back to the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) requesting a venue change for their men’s team earlier, citing safety concerns about playing in India. The ICC declined the request, leading to Scotland replacing Bangladesh in the tournament.

Pakistan then stepped in to back Bangladesh publicly, declaring that it would not play India in Colombo as a mark of solidarity. What initially appeared to be a symbolic gesture soon escalated into a major governance issue, threatening the smooth conduct of the World Cup.

Force Majeure gamble backfires on PCB

According to reports, Pakistan’s attempt to invoke Force Majeure proved to be a turning point. The ICC questioned whether the PCB had met the high evidentiary threshold required to justify non-participation, especially in a marquee fixture with enormous commercial value.

The governing body also highlighted that refusing to play a single match would violate the Members Participation Agreement, opening the door to financial penalties and broader disciplinary action. Faced with these realities, the PCB has now opted for negotiations rather than confrontation.

Also READ: “With power comes responsibility…”: Nasser Hussain slams ICC and BCCI; sides with Bangladesh and Pakistan in boycott debate

Sri Lanka voices strong objections

The standoff has not gone down well with Sri Lanka, the host nation for the India–Pakistan fixture. Sri Lankan officials have reportedly warned of heavy losses to tourism and hospitality if the match is boycotted, given its ability to draw global attention and fans.

Sri Lanka have also reminded Pakistan of a sensitive chapter in its own cricketing history, when international teams stayed away due to security concerns. During that period, Sri Lanka played a key role in helping Pakistan revive international cricket at home — a gesture that has now been cited as a reason for reciprocity.

Demands, negotiations, and what lies ahead

Unverified reports suggest the PCB may seek a larger share of ICC revenue, revival of bilateral cricket with India, and enforcement of handshake protocols. However, bilateral series fall outside the ICC’s jurisdiction, and on-field protocols remain voluntary, making the acceptability of these demands uncertain. Bangladesh, having been replaced in the tournament, could also push for compensation.

Also READ: Iceland cricket reveals why Pakistan will be the first team to exit T20 World Cup 2026

File photo (Picture credit: AP)

Japan’s ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), led by Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, is set for a decisive victory in Sunday’s snap lower house elections, according to exit polls and media projections.

LDP projected to secure strong lower house majority

Public broadcaster NHK said the LDP could win between 274 and 328 seats in the 465-member lower house, far above its pre-election tally of 198, reported news agency AFP.Along with coalition partner Japan Innovation Party (JIP), the ruling bloc is projected to secure between 302 and 366 seats.Crossing the 310-seat mark would hand the coalition a two-thirds majority for the first time since 2017, enabling it to pass legislation without opposition backing.

Boost for Takaichi after turbulent years for LDP

The outcome marks a sharp turnaround for the LDP, which had suffered electoral setbacks in recent years due to rising prices and corruption concerns. Under Takaichi’s predecessor, Shigeru Ishiba, the coalition lost its upper house majority last year and its grip on the lower house in 2024.Takaichi, who became Japan’s first female prime minister in October, called the snap election after just three months in office to capitalise on her popularity.According to AFP, she has attracted younger voters with her energetic and unconventional style, defying scepticism within her party.

Economy and inflation remain voter concerns

Despite the projected win, voters remain anxious about the economy. Inflation and stagnant wages featured prominently on polling day.“With prices rising like this, what matters most to me is what policies they’ll adopt to deal with inflation,” Tokyo voter Chika Sakamoto said, as quoted by AFP, adding that household incomes were not keeping pace with costs.Takaichi rolled out a $135-billion stimulus package and promised to suspend consumption tax on food, but concerns remain about Japan’s public finances. The country’s debt is more than twice the size of its economy, while bond yields have hit record highs in recent weeks.

China, Taiwan and regional tensions in focus

The election result could also complicate ties with China. Takaichi, seen as a China hawk, recently suggested Japan could intervene militarily if Beijing used force against Taiwan, triggering a strong response from China.Beijing summoned Japan’s ambassador, warned its citizens against travelling to Japan and held joint air drills with Russia. The issue has raised concerns about regional stability, even as US President Donald Trump publicly praised Takaichi as a “strong, powerful, and wise Leader”.

Big mandate could push right-wing agenda

According to news agency AP, a strong majority would allow Takaichi to push ahead with her conservative agenda, including boosting defence spending, revising security policy, lifting restrictions on weapons exports and tightening rules on foreigners.Experts caution that while the win strengthens her position, unresolved questions remain over funding military expansion and managing diplomatic tensions. As per AFP, one analyst said that the best outcome now would be for Takaichi to “take a deep breath” and work on stabilising relations with China before the next electoral test in 2028.

Saudi Arabia Bets Big on Syria: New Airline and $1 Billion Telecom Deal Unveiled

On February 7, 2026, Syria and Saudi Arabia signed a series of major economic agreements designed to catalyse reconstruction in war-torn Syria and deepen bilateral cooperation across strategic sectors including aviation, telecommunications and infrastructure. The accords come as Damascus seeks to rebuild after years of conflict and as Riyadh expands its engagement with the country’s new leadership.

Syria and Saudi Arabia’s joint airline to reconnect the region

One of the headline components of the agreements is the creation of a new low-cost airline jointly owned by Syrian authorities and Saudi partners. The venture, often described in reports as “Flynas Syria” or a Syrian-Saudi carrier aimed at strengthening regional and international air links, is intended to boost connectivity and reintegrate Syria into regional flight networks after years of limited operations.In addition to the airline itself, plans also include the redevelopment of Aleppo’s existing airport and the construction of new international airport facilities capable of handling millions of passengers annually, signalling a broader push to rebuild the country’s aviation infrastructure.

SilkLink: A $1 billion telecoms push between Syria and Saudi Arabia

Perhaps the most ambitious non-aviation component of the agreements is the “SilkLink” telecommunications project, backed by a reported investment of around $1 billion. This initiative, led by Saudi telecom firms including STC Group, aims to revamp Syria’s telecommunications infrastructure, laying tens of thousands of kilometres of fiber-optic cables and enhancing digital connectivity within Syria and between Asia and Europe.

Officials pose after signing a framework agreement for developmental cooperation and the launch of 45 development initiatives between the Syrian Development Fund and Saudi Arabia’s Development Committee at the People’s Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP Photo/Ghaith Alsayed)

Improving Internet and connectivity infrastructure is seen as key to stimulating economic growth, supporting business development and integrating Syria into the broader Middle Eastern digital economy, especially after decades of conflict severely damaged basic services.

Syria’s reconstruction after years of war

These deals reflect a significant shift in Syria’s economic landscape. After more than a decade of civil conflict, which devastated infrastructure, displaced millions and led to stringent Western sanctions under the Assad era, Syria’s new interim leadership has been actively seeking foreign investment to rebuild its shattered economy and infrastructure.The US removed remaining sanctions on Damascus in late 2025, clearing a major legal hurdle that had previously deterred large foreign investments. This change has opened the door for initiatives like the telecoms and aviation deals with Saudi Arabia and other Gulf partners.

Strategic Saudi support and broader cooperation with Syria

Saudi Arabia’s involvement underscores a broader regional strategy. Officials from both countries described the agreements as part of a strategic partnership meant to drive economic recovery and bilateral cooperation across multiple sectors. Beyond aviation and telecoms, additional partnerships include water desalination, infrastructure development and private-sector investment funds dedicated to major Syrian projects.According to reports, Saudi investment funds such as the Elaf Investment Fund are earmarked to redevelop major airports and support infrastructure projects, while Saudi companies like STC are set to lead the expansion of Syria’s digital backbone.

Syrian interim President Ahmad al-Sharaa attends a signing ceremony of strategic agreements between Syria and Saudi Arabia at the People’s Palace in Damascus, Syria, Saturday, Feb. 7, 2026. (AP Photo/Ghaith Alsayed)

These deals could provide a major boost to Syria’s reconstruction effort by attracting foreign capital, creating jobs and restoring essential services. A new national airline and improved airport infrastructure may help reconnect Syria with regional and international travel markets, which is a key step toward normalising its global presence.SilkLink’s telecom overhaul could extend digital services, attract tech investments and support new industries in a country where Internet access and modern connectivity were among the hardest hit by war. However, analysts caution that transforming agreements into tangible results will require overcoming lingering political, security and bureaucratic challenges and that some of the projects, while transformative in scope, may take years to fully materialise.The Syria-Saudi investment agreements of February 2026, highlighted by a joint low-cost airline and a $1 billion telecoms project, mark one of the most significant foreign engagement efforts in Syria since the civil war. By tackling strategic sectors like aviation and digital connectivity, the deals represent both an economic lifeline for Syria and a deepening of diplomatic and economic ties between Damascus and Riyadh.Their success, observers say, will depend on effective implementation, stable security conditions and sustained investor confidence but the ambitions laid out this week suggest a dramatic shift in post-war reconstruction efforts.

Cricket fans across India and the world are talking about Vaibhav Sooryavanshi, the teenage batting sensation from Bihar who stunned everyone with his explosive performance in the Under-19 World Cup final. At just 14 years old, he smashed 175 runs off 80 balls against England, hitting huge sixes and playing like a seasoned superstar.

Naturally, many fans are asking: if he is this good, why isn’t he already playing for the senior Indian team?The simple answer is his age.Vaibhav Sooryavanshi was born on March 27, 2011. As of now, he is 14 years and 318 days old. He will turn 15 on March 27, 2026. Until that date, he is officially too young to play international cricket for India’s senior team.This is because of a rule set by the International Cricket Council (ICC). In 2020, the ICC introduced a minimum age rule that says a player must be at least 15 years old to play international cricket. The rule is meant to protect young players from mental pressure, physical stress, and burnout.Ironically, Vaibhav is in a strange situation. He is too young for the senior Indian team, but he is also done with Under-19 World Cups. The BCCI has a “one tournament only” rule for U19 World Cups, so players can’t play multiple editions. Since Vaibhav already played and dominated the 2026 tournament, he won’t be allowed to play the 2028 or 2030 editions, even though he would still be under 19.Despite his age, Vaibhav has already broken several records. He is the youngest player ever to score a List-A century, the youngest IPL centurion, and has set multiple records in youth cricket for fastest centuries and most sixes. His rise has been historic.Once he turns 15, the door to international cricket will officially open. Until then, fans will have to wait, but the future looks incredibly bright for India’s teenage cricket prodigy.

Pakistan’s decision on granting a licence to Starlink to operate in its satellite internet market has been delayed amid data security concerns, geopolitical sensitivities and competition from Chinese firms, local media reported on Sunday.Starlink, owned by tech billionaire Elon Musk, is among five companies seeking approval to provide satellite-based internet services in Pakistan. However, officials say unresolved security considerations and broader geopolitical factors have slowed the clearance process.According to the Express Tribune, the government has raised concerns that Starlink’s services could allow certain data transmissions to bypass Pakistan’s monitoring, regulatory and safety checks. “We cannot allow a license to Starlink without ensuring a safety check to ensure the safety of the data of consumers in Pakistan,” a senior government official was quoted as saying by Express Tribune.Sources cited by the newspaper said authorities had tested scenarios in which Starlink was expected to pick up sensitive data while providing satellite-based internet services. “But the real reason is that the government has tested some cases in which Starlink was supposed to pick up some sensitive data while providing satellite-based internet services,” sources said. Officials added that the government is working to address these issues, which have delayed the approval process.The report also cited the fallout between US President Donald Trump and Elon Musk as a factor being weighed by the Pakistani establishment. While Trump and Musk had enjoyed a close relationship in the past, they later drifted apart. Officials indicated that Pakistan, which has seen improved ties with the United States since Trump returned to power last year, is cautious about taking steps that could draw scrutiny from Washington.At present, Pakistan maintains control over internet data traffic largely through Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited, which holds a majority stake in the country’s undersea cable infrastructure. Authorities are concerned that similar oversight may not be feasible with satellite-based services, raising fears of potential data breaches or loss of regulatory control.Satellite internet services are expected to focus primarily on remote and underserved regions, including Balochistan, where conventional broadband infrastructure remains limited. Currently, authorities are able to monitor internet traffic and suspend connectivity when required for security reasons. Officials have expressed concern that enforcing similar controls over satellite-based networks could prove more challenging.The Pakistan Space Activities Regulatory Board has confirmed that five companies, including Starlink and China-based Shanghai Spacecom Satellite Technology Limited, have shown interest in entering the satellite internet market. Chinese firms already have a strong presence in Pakistan’s telecommunications sector and are viewed as direct competitors to US-based companies such as Starlink.While consultations with stakeholders have been completed, the PSARB has yet to finalise the licensing framework. According to officials, additional time is needed to establish safety mechanisms before satellite-based internet services are permitted to begin operations.